Document Type : original article
Authors
1
assistant proff ,dental faculty,mazandaran university of medical science
2
Associate Professor, Department of Oral Medicine, Dental Research Center, Faculty of Dentistry, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
3
Dentistry Student, Student Research Committee, Dental Research Center, Faculty of Dentistry, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
4
دندانپزشک، ساری، ایران
5
Associate Professor, Gastrointestinal Cancer Research Center, Non-Communicable Disease Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
6
1. Associate Professor, Department of Pediatrics, Dental Research Center, Faculty of Dentistry, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran. 2. Dental Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
10.22038/jmds.2024.24228
Abstract
Background: The maxillary midline diastema (MMD) is one of the cosmetic problems. The type of the maxillary labial frenum is one of the common causes of MMD. This study aims to investigate the prevalence of different types (in terms of morphology and connection type) of maxillary labial frenum and MMD in primary teeth in 3–6-year-old children.
Methods: In this cross-sectional descriptive study, 342 children in kindergartens introduced by the welfare organization of Mazandaran province in Sari and Neka cities were included. Children were examined under sufficient light and in an upright position using a tongue depressor. The comparison between the variables was done with chi-square test and the comparison between quantitative variables was done with t-test and ANOVA test. Data analysis was done using SPSS version 25 software.
Findings: In total, 17% of the participants had papillary attachment, 26.9% mucosal attachment, and 56.1% gingival attachment. The prevalence of papillary, mucosal, and gingival attachment increased with age. This was while the gingival and mucosal connection was less in 4-year-old children than in 3-year-old children, but this rate increased in 5- and 6-year-old children. The prevalence of all three types of maxillary labial frenum connection (papillary, mucous, and gingival) was higher in boys than in girls. All these differences were statistically significant (P = 0.001).
Conclusion: Simple maxillary labial frenum was the most common type. Increasing age caused an increase in the prevalence of simple, bilateral, and nodular maxillary labial frenum in children. Gingival attachment was the most common type. Moreover, the prevalence of all three types of maxillary labial frenum attachment (papillary, mucous, and gingival) was higher in boys than in girls.
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