Introduction:
Dentists will be able to overcome the child's behavior problem in dental clinic by anticipation of his behavior and application of appropriate management strategies to treat an individual child's patients.
 The aim of this study was to assess the possibility of anticipation of children's behavior by their mothers' personality.
Materials and Methods:
In this cross-sectional and descriptive analytic study, 104 healthy children aged 3-6 years without a previous  history of dental visit and their mothers were selected.َ At the beginning of the study, mothers' personalities were determined using a questionnaire and a 15 minute interview by a psychiatrist and were categorized in four groups as normal, depressive, with anxiety, and  obssesional personality. Then the children's behavior was classified according to Frankl behavioral rating scale during three different dental visits of oral examination, fluoride therapy and restorative dental treatment, without considering  their mothers personality.
Finally, the relationship between behavioral scores of children and their mothers' personality traits were  statistically analysed using ANOVA test.
Results:
This study revealed a significant positive association between the mean behavioral score of children and their mothers' personality traits only at the first visit and the difference between the mean behavioral score of children with obssesive mothers and those with normal personality traits was significant(P= 0.02)
Conclusion:
Mothers' personality affected the children's behavior only during the first dental visit.