A study of phagocytosis defects of polymorphonuclear cells in diabetic patients affected with periodontitis

Document Type : original article

Authors

1 Assistant Professor, Dept. of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.

2 Professor, Dept. of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.

3 Dentist

Abstract

Introduction:
Diabetes mellitus is one of the most common metabolic diseases in which elevated blood glucose level interferes with activity of Polymorghonuclear (PMN) cells. Prevalence and severity of periodontal diseases in diabetic patients are also reported to be higher than nondiabetics. Considering different opinions regarding the interrelationships of PMN cell dysfunction and destruction of periodontal tissues in diabetics, this study was performed.
Materials and Methods:
This study was a case-control one. 53 cases (22 with IDDM, 21 with NIDDM and 10 non diabetics) were selected for this study. Diabetic patients (equal males and females) were referred from Mashhad Diabetic Center. The examined parameters were PMN cell function (using NBT test), fasting blood sugar, plaque index, pocket depth, bleeding index and bone loss (using panoramic x-ray). The data were analyzed using One – Way ANOVA, multivariable analysis, Tukey test and correlation coefficient.
Results:
The fasting blood sugar level of both diabetic groups were significantly higher than that of nondiabetic groups (P<0.001). The plaque index was significantly higher in NIDDM group compared with control group (P=0.002). Bone loss was more severe in NIDDM group than IDDM and control groups. The difference was statistically significant. PMN cell function in IDDM group was significantly lower than NIDDM and control groups (P=0.011).
Conclusion:
Observing the result, it is tempting to claim that with aging and in the presence of suitable condition for the plaque bacteria, the periodontal disease in the diabetic patients become more severe. Prevention of the periodontal diseases will be possible provided that the blood sugar level and the bacterial plaque are controlled.

Keywords

Journal of Mashhad Dental School
Volume 28, Issue 1,2
Spring & Summer 2004
April 2004
Pages 23-30

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History

  • Receive Date: 21 September 2013
  • Accept Date: 21 September 2013

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