Introduction:
Periodontal diseases are common in leukemic patients and in most cases one of the primary diagnostic signs. The aim of this study was clinical comparison of the prevalence and type of the periodontal diseases in leukemic patients in Tabriz hospitals.
Materials and Methods:
In this descriptive – analytic study, 70 hospitalized leukemic patients were clinically examined in the city of Tabriz  in 2004-2005. The data were collected in a questionnaire designed for this study and were analyzed using  chi-square test through SPSS software.
Results:
There was a significant relationship between leukemia and periodontal diseases either in   general or classified into periodontitis and gingivitis (p< 0.05). Although, there was a significant relationship between different types of leukemia and age (p<0.05), sex comparison of patients with different types of leukemia, didn’t show a significant relationship. In general evaluation of periodontal disease, there was a significant relationship between periodontal disease and type of leukemia in males (P=0.013),but there was not such a  relationship in female patients. In general evaluation of peridontal diseases with different types of leukemia in different age groups in male and female patients, there was a significant relationship (P= 0.00) while . comparing  periodontal diseases with the type of leukemia in different age groups,  there was a significant relationship only between absence of periodontal disease and  the  type of leukemia (P=0.00).
Conclusion:
With attention to the factors that increase the prevalence of periodontal diseases in leukemic patients, developing prophylactic and appropriate therapeutic strategies are  recommended.